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Table 5 Average scores of PedsQL Family Impact Module across disease-related characteristics (n = 87)

From: Quality of life of children with spinal muscular atrophy and their caregivers from the perspective of caregivers: a Chinese cross-sectional study

Caregivers’ QoL

Mobility

Mean ± SD

Skeletal deformity

Mean ± SD

Digestive system dysfunction

Mean ± SD

Non-Sitter (n = 46)

Sitter (n = 39)

Walker (n = 16)

Effect size (d)

No (n = 27)

Yes (n = 74)

Effect size (d)

No (n = 78)

Yes (n = 23)

Effect size (d)

Non-sitter versus Sitter

Non-sitter versus Walker

Sitter versus walker

Total score

50.43 ± 24.33

56.28 ± 24.03

60.94 ± 20.83b,c

0.24

0.43

0.19

47.94 ± 24.78

39.29 ± 18.37

0.35

45.05 ± 19.63

29.92 ± 19.45

0.77

Physical functioning

34.33 ± 24.89

45.30 ± 23.14a

66.67 ± 20.53b,c

0.44

1.40

0.86

55.86 ± 23.58

39.25 ± 25.43

0.65

50.37 ± 22.77

21.01 ± 23.25

1.26

Emotional functioning

31.30 ± 25.96

36.92 ± 21.29

54.69 ± 20.69b,c

0.22

1.10

0.68

46.67 ± 26.67

33.72 ± 23.00

0.49

41.15 ± 22.53

23.70 ± 26.94

0.65

Social functioning

32.34 ± 26.46

37.34 ± 24.81

60.16 ± 26.70b,c

0.19

1.04

0.85

46.07 ± 35.45

35.98 ± 23.47

0.28

42.15 ± 27.09

26.90 ± 25.45

0.56

Cognitive functioning

42.07 ± 23.13

46.03 ± 26.39

63.13 ± 26.64b,c

0.15

0.79

0.64

53.89 ± 29.40

44.40 ± 24.06

0.32

51.22 ± 25.37

32.39 ± 22.00

0.74

Communication

43.48 ± 29.91

42.31 ± 24.29

58.85 ± 31.40

0.04

0.49

0.53

48.15 ± 33.60

44.48 ± 26.50

0.11

47.87 ± 27.01

37.32 ± 32.16

0.33

Worry

29.57 ± 22.85

24.62 ± 18.79

40.00 ± 27.69

0.22

0.38

0.56

29.81 ± 29.92

29.12 ± 19.52

0.02

29.74 ± 22.75

27.83 ± 22.55

0.08

Daily activities

32.43 ± 24.48

35.04 ± 25.30

43.75 ± 25.18

0.10

0.45

0.34

36.42 ± 30.24

34.79 ± 22.97

0.05

38.35 ± 25.35

24.64 ± 20.79

0.54

Family relationships

50.43 ± 24.33

56.28 ± 24.03

60.94 ± 20.83

0.2

0.44

0.19

60.18 ± 25.02

52.23 ± 23.15

0.32

56.35 ± 22.94

47.61 ± 25.89

0.34

  1. Values in the table are means, standard deviations and effect sized. Effect size (Cohen’s d) is interpreted as: 0.2 ≤ d < 0.5 small difference, 0.5 ≤ d < 0.8 moderate, and d ≥ 0.8 large
  2. Bold prints indicate P < 0.05
  3. aPost hoc significance between non-sitter and sitter
  4. bPost hoc significance between non-sitter and walker
  5. cPost hoc significance between sitter and walker
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Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases

ISSN: 1750-1172