Variable | Total (n = 42) | Opioid-free (n = 23) | Opioid (n = 19) | P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
(*) VAS score, (median, Q1–Q3) | ||||
Preoperative | 8 (7–8) | 8 (7–8) | 7 (7–8) | 0.764 |
Day 1 | 6.50 (5–8) | 5 (5–6) | 8 (8–8) | < 0.001 |
Day 2 | 6 (5–8) | 5 (5–6) | 8 (7–8) | < 0.001 |
Day 4 | 6 (5–7) | 5 (5–5) | 7 (7–8) | < 0.001 |
Day 6 | 5 (5–7) | 5 (5–5) | 7 (6–7) | < 0.001 |
Hospital discharge day | 6 (5–6.5) | 5 (4–5) | 6.5 (6–7) | < 0.001 |
Methadone rescue, n (%) | ||||
0 | 19 (45.2) | 18 (78.3) | 1 (5.3) | < 0.001 |
5 mg/day | 5 (11.9) | 2 (8.7) | 3 (15.8) | |
10–15 mg/day | 9 (21.4) | 2 (8.7) | 7 (36.8) | |
> 15 mg/day | 9 (21.4) | 1 (4.3) | 8 (42.8) | |
Sufentanil (S) vs. morphine (M) on 1st, 2nd, 4th and 6th postoperative days | ||||
Day 1, n (%) | ||||
(S) ≤ 30 mcg/day or (M) ≤ 30 mg/day | 10 (23.8) | 3 (13) | 7 (36.8) | 0.027 |
(S)30–60 mcg/day or (M)30–60 mg/day | 7 (16.7) | 7 (30.4) | 0 (0) | |
(S)60–150 mcg/day or (M)60–150 mg/day | 11 (26.2) | 7 (30.4) | 4 (21) | |
(S) > 50 mcg/day or (M) > 50 mg/day | 14 (33.3) | 6 (26.1) | 8 (42.1) | |
Day 2, n (%) | ||||
(S) ≤ 30 mcg/day or (M) ≤ 30 mg/day | 11 (26.2) | 3 (13) | 8 (42.1) | 0.201 |
(S)30–60 mcg/day or (M)30–60 mg/day | 9 (21.4) | 7 (30.4) | 2 (10.5) | |
(S)60–150 mcg/day or (M)60–150 mg/day | 15 (35.7) | 9 (39.1) | 6 (31.6) | |
(S) > 50 mcg/day or (M) > 50 mg/day | 7 (16.7) | 4 (17.1) | 3 (15.8) | |
Day 4, n (%) | ||||
(S) ≤ 30 mcg/day or (M) ≤ 30 mg/day | 11 (26.2) | 3 (13) | 8 (42.1) | 0.109 |
(S)30–60 mcg/day or (M)30–60 mg/day | 13 (31) | 10 (43.5) | 3 (15.8) | |
(S)60–150 mcg/day or (M)60–150 mg/day | 12 (28.6) | 7 (30.4) | 5 (26.3) | |
(S) > 50 mcg/day or (M) > 50 mg/day | 6 (14.3) | 3 (13) | 3 (15.8) | |
Day 6, n (%) | ||||
(S) ≤ 30 mcg/day or (M) ≤ 30 mg/day | 10 (23.8) | 3 (13) | 7 (36.8) | 0.224 |
(S)30–60 mcg/day or (M)30–60 mg/day | 22 (52.4) | 15 (65.2) | 7 (36.8) | |
(S)60–150 mcg/day or (M)60–150 mg/day | 8 (19) | 4 (17.4) | 4 (21) | |
(S) > 50 mcg/day or (M) > 50 mg/day | 2 (4.8) | 1 (4.3) | 1 (5.3) |