Table 1 Characterization of controls and individuals with cystinosis included in the analyses: age, gender, IQ, and working memory
|  | Controls | Cystinosis | t test | Cohen’s d |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | X = 26.94; SD = 6.49 | X = 27.46; SD = 6.47 | t = − 0.23, df = 29.48, p = .82 | d = 0.08 |
Gender | 6 males, 11 females | 2 males, 13 females | – | – |
Verbal IQ | X = 110.82; SD = 16.29 | X = 96.40; SD = 8.77 | t = 3.17, df = 25.14, p = .01 | d = 1.10 |
Perceptual Reasoning | X = 104.18; SD = 13.77 | X = 87.87; SD = 10.28 | t = 3.82, df = 29.25, p = .01 | d = 1.34 |
Working Memory | X = 9.59; SD = 2.29 | X = 8.28; SD = 2.09 | t = 1.65, df = 28.66, p = .11 | d = 0.60 |
IQ: verbal versus p. reasoning | ||||
 NT |  |  | t = − 2.56, df = 16, p = .03 | d = 0.89 |
 Cystinosis |  |  | t = − 2.84, df = 14, p = .03 | d = 0.44 |